TABLE A – PORCELAIN MANUFACTURERS – A GUIDE TO MARKS

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Factories Manufacturing Porcelain in 18th Century Only

Factory Name	Date	Factory Mark	Pattern Numbers	Tally Marks	Comments
BOW	c.1747-1776	Rare	None	Occasional numbering
BRISTOL	c.1770-1781	Rare. ('x' mark)	None	Might appear by the cross
CAUGHLEY	c.1775-1799	Sometimes occurs on blue & white wares.	None	Gilder's number may appear inside footrim
CHELSEA CHELSEA-DERBY	c.1744-1769 c.1770-1784	Usually marked	None	None
LIVERPOOL	c.1754-1799	None for the various firms that operated in Liverpool	None	Rare	Tally marks occasionally found on wares by James Pennington or Seth Pennington
LONGTON HALL	c.1750-1760	Rare	None
LOWESTOFT	c.1757-1799	Occasionally copied other marks.	None	Sometimes appear – low numbers. 3 & 5 most common.
PLYMOUTH	c.1768-1770	Occasionally marked	None

Factories Commencing or Continuing the Manufacture of Porcelain in the First Half of the 19th Century

Factory Name	Date	Factory Mark	Pattern Numbers	Tally Marks	Comments
SAMUEL ALCOCK	1826-1859	Rarely found	Frequently shown. Quite boldly painted often in dark puce. 400-9999 – 1822-1840 1/xxxx – 1840-1845 2/xxxx – 1846-1850 3/xxxx – 1850-1855 4/1 – 4/2200 – 1856-1859	Usually shown near pattern number	May be prefixed by 'No'. Number sequence continued by the successor firm, James Duke and Nephews.
ANSTICE, HORTON & ROSE	c.1800-1814	None	1 – 1419	None	Large good quality output. John Rose took over the factory in 1814
CHARLES BOURNE	c.1817-1830	Some pieces marked	1 – 1017+ usually below 'CB'	None	Made good quality bone china.
G.F. BOWERS	c.1841-1871	Rare	Rare. Progressive in 1840s (e.g. 2021 in 1848) to 2999 Fractional in 1850s under 2.
ZACHARIAH BOYLE & SON SAMUEL BOYLE & SONS	c.1823-1847 c.1844-1852	None found on porcelain	Progressive to 1007. Unusual '4' written like careless '7'	Quite often below pattern no.	Excellent quality.
CHAMBERLAIN & CO	c.1788-1852	Occasionally found on main pieces of service e.g. inside tea pot cover	Occasionally found 1-200 – 1791-1800 200-380 – 1800-1805 380-860 – 1805-1820 860-1000 – 1820-1822 1000-1350 – 1822-1830 1350-1820 – 1830-1840 1820-2450 – 1840-1845 2450-5109 – 1848-1851	None	Note: Pattern numbers 1883-1999, 2625-2999, 3100-3999, 4100-4999 were not used.
COALPORT/JOHN ROSE	c.1796-present	Little marked before 1850.	Often shown. Numbers painted in small neat style, usually in gold, sometimes inside footrim. Rare before 1805. 1-600 – 1795-1810 600-999 – 1810-1822 2/1-2/676 – 1822-1830 2/676-2/999 – 1830-1840 3/1-3/999 4/1-4/999 – 1840-1850 5/1-5/999 6/1-6/999 – 1850-1860 7/1-7/486	Rare	John Rose took over Caughley in 1799 and Anstice, Horton & Rose in 1814. Changed to fractional pattern numbers in 1822, but figure under the denominator never exceeded 3 digits (i.e.999). Many early patterns were the same as Anstice, Horton but with different pattern numbers.
H. & R. DANIEL	1822-1846	Rare	Frequently shown. Continued Spode numbering. 3500-4700 – 1822-1830 4700-6800 – 1830-1840 6800-8925 – 1840-1846 Usually written in small neat manner, often in gilt if the piece is gilded.	Rarely found, low numbers	Finely decorated pieces from the former chief decorator at Spode.
DAVENPORT	1794-1887	Sometimes shown	Rarely shown 1-500 – 1794-1820 500-800 – 1820-1830 800-1200 – 1830-1840 1200-2200 – 1840-1850 2200-3000 – 1850-1865	Rare, usually by or under pattern number	Primarily an earthenware manufacturer. Pattern numbers painted in small, neat manner, often in gold. On some pre-1830 pieces only tally marks occur. Early teawares difficult to identify.
DERBY	c.1748-1848	Almost all pieces marked after 1770.	Some do appear after 1780. Rare after 1820 1-150 – 1780-1790 150-600 – 1790-1800 600-1000 – 1800-1820	Rare
GRAINGER	c.1805-1887	Early wares not marked. Generally marked after 1840.	Sometimes shown. Pattern number often in small gold lettering with a distinctive '7'. 1-390 – 1805-1812 391-1642 – 1812-1825 1595-2019 – 1825-1831 1x-446x 396x-1229x – 1831-1840 1244x-2008x – 1840-1845 2/1-2/680 2/682+ – 1845+	None	Note use of 'x' suffix on pattern numbers from about 1830 to 1845 and the fractional numbering.
HERCULANEUM	c.1800-1840	Most unmarked.	Rarely shown. Progressive to at least 1415. Boldly painted, often in gold	None	Works are quite rare.
HICKS & MEIGH HICKS, MEIGH & JOHNSON	c.1803-1822 c.1822-1835	Not shown on porcelain, rare on early earthenware	Sometimes appear after 1816 128-1100 – 1816-1825 1100-2094+ – 1825-1835 Number usually written below handle, painted in red enamel.	None	Started making porcelain in 1816.
HILDITCH & SON HILDITCH & HOPWOOD	c.1819-1835 c.1835-1859	Occasionally appears. Printed mark.	Very occasionally. 1-2014 – 1819-1844 2015-3242 – 1844-1859	Rare	Pattern numbers 1300-1999 may not have been used.
MACHIN MACHIN & BAGGALEY MACHIN & POTTS	c.1802-1818 c.1814-1833 c.1834-1838	Rare	Rare. 1-681 – 1809-1831 681-1263 – 1831-1838	None	Pattern numbers often followed by a comma or full stop.
MILES MASON G & C MASON C. J. MASON	c.1800-1813 c.1813-1830 c.1830-1853	Rare. Often only one piece in a set marked. None Rare	Rare. 1-986 – 1800-1813 None Rare 1-824 – 1830-1840 824+ – 1840+	Very rare None None	Prefix 'No' or 'N' sometimes appears. Mainly an earthenware manufacturer. Mainly an earthenware manufacturer.
MAYER & NEWBOLD	c.1817-1833	Sometimes	1-333 Sometimes under factory mark
MINTON MINTON & BOYLE MINTON & HOLLINS	c.1793-present c.1836-1841 c.1842-1868	None before 1805. Comparatively rare 1806-1840. Few have factory mark. Rare	Occasionally shown. 1-560 – 1793-1809 560-948 – 1809-1815 1-2865 – 1824-1835 2865-6518 – 1835-1844 6518-9644 – 1844-1848 Pattern numbers after 1824 generally small and neat usually in an orange/red colour. Most have pattern numbers	Before 1816 none. After 1823 often appear near pattern number	Pattern numbers sometimes have prefix 'N' or 'No'. Exceptional quality during Victorian period. No porcelain made 1816-1823. Prefix 'A' appears after 1850. 'X' often appears after the pattern number on wares before 1815. Date cypher introduced in 1842.
NANTGARW	c.1813 c.1817-1820	Occasionally found	Rare, less than 1000		Excellent quality.
NEW HALL	c.1782-1835	Rare. Occasionally printed mark 1815-1821.	Sometimes shown but rare on early pieces. Painted in bold, free manner 1-200 – 1782-1790 200-350 – 1790-1795 350-500 – 1795-1800 500-650 – 1800-1805 650-850 – 1805-1810 850-1100 – 1810-1815 1100-2350 – 1815-1825 2350-3700 – 1825-1830 3700-3914 – 1830-1835	Sometimes	Pattern numbers often have the prefix 'N' or 'No'. Huge range of wares, especially at the less expensive end of the market. Early porcelains do not carry a factory mark but pattern number is clearly painted on teapots, creamers etc., but not on teabowls and saucers. Fractional system 4/xxxx sometimes used for numbers over 3244
PEOVER	c.1818-1822	Rare	1-300	Usually	Quality not high
PINXTON	c.1796-1813	Rare	1-382	Occasionally given, but quite boldly painted, prefixed with 'P'	Examples are rare and sought after. Billingsley left in 1799.
RATHBONE	c.1812-1835	Sometimes	106-461		Various partnerships
JOHN RIDGWAY J.&W. RIDGWAY JOHN RIDGWAY	c.1802-1814 c.1814-1830 c.1830-1855	Rare before 1840	On most pieces. None – 1802-1808 1-487 – 1808-1814 2/1-2/900 – 1814-1820 2/900-2/2500 – 1820-1830 2/2500-2/3800 – 1830-1840 2/3800-2/9999 – 1840-1849 5/xxxx – 1850+	Rare	After 1814 pattern numbers on tea wares were fractional under the denominator '2', after 1851 the denominator '5'. Many numbers painted in a bold large manner in red, orange or brown. Never prefixed. Note: the factory of William Ridgway (1830-1845) produced mainly earthenware.
ROCKINGHAM	c.1825-1842	Occasionally marked on saucers	Sometimes shown. Small neat numbers. 375-756 – 1825-1830 757-1566 – 1830-1842 Fractional system of 2/1 to about 2/220 also used	'C' or 'CL' mark followed by numeral 1 to 17 sometimes found. Significance is unclear.	Huge number of pieces misattributed to Rockingham. Pattern numbers 1000-1100 not used. Fractional numbers over 2/100 may be questionable.
SPODE	1770-1833	Quite common, but sometimes only a few pieces of service marked.	Occasionally found. 1-750 – 1800-1805 751-1500 – 1806-1810 1501-2200 – 1811-1815 2201-3000 – 1816-1820 3001-4150 – 1821-1825 4151-4700 – 1826-1830 4701-5350 – 1831-1833	Rare	Pattern numbers usually painted in red enamel. 'B' series numbers used for underglaze decoration
COPELAND & GARRETT W.T. COPELAND	c.1833-1847 c.1847-1970	Always shown	Occasionally shown. 5351-6508 – 1834-1840 6509-7747 – 1841-1847 7748-8521 – 1847-1850	Sometimes found	Successor factory to Spode. See separate page for pattern numbers. Occasional prefix, 'G' or 'F' for gilding, 'L' for lustre and 'B'
SWANSEA	c.1814-1820	Most unmarked	Rare, below 1000	None
WEDGWOOD	c.1812-1829	All should be marked.	470-1052	Sometimes	Wedgwood made very little bone china, principally in the period 1812-29.
WORCESTER	1751-1840	None	None	None
FACTORY X (A&E KEELING)	c.1785-1815	None	Sometimes shown. Up to 500	Rare	Prefix 'N' sometimes used with pattern no. but rare.
JOHN YATES YATES & MAY	c.1822-1835 c.1835-1843	None	Sometimes. Progressive, possibly up to 2000	Sometimes found. Often opposite rather than close to pattern number.
FACTORY Z	c.1800-1820	None	Progressive up to about 520		Pattern number usually prefixed 'N' or 'No'.